22 Essential things you need to know before visiting Tanzania

Planning a trip to Tanzania? Get ready for an unforgettable adventure in this East African gem! From thrilling safaris to stunning landscapes and vibrant culture, Tanzania has something for every traveler. To help you make the most of your journey, here are 22 essential tips to know before you go:

Visa and Passport: Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended departure date. Most travelers to Tanzania require a visa, which can be obtained upon arrival or online before your trip.

Health Precautions: Check with your healthcare provider for any recommended vaccinations or medications for diseases like malaria and yellow fever. It’s also wise to pack insect repellent and sunscreen.

Currency: The official currency of Tanzania is the Tanzanian Shilling (TZS). While credit cards are accepted in major cities and tourist areas, it’s advisable to carry cash for transactions in more remote areas.

Language: Swahili and English are the official languages of Tanzania. While many locals speak English, learning a few basic Swahili phrases can enhance your travel experience and show respect for the local culture. You’ll probably do this anyway without even trying, as everywhere you go you’ll hear karibu ("welcome"), pole pole ("slowly") and Asante ("thank you"). Beyond this, Swahili is such an inclusive, melodic language, and attempts to learn it are greatly appreciated. Making the effort to master even just a few simple phrases will go a long way in facilitating cultural interactions and easing your travels.

Don’t cut your trip too short

Experiencing Tanzania’s wildlife parks – even just one or two – takes time. And then there’s the beach- and island-hopping along the coast, hiking in the highlands, trekking on Kilimanjaro, visiting village markets and so much more. A week is barely enough for a quick introduction, but your visit will be more rewarding with at least two weeks and ideally three or more. 

Weather and Packing: Tanzania experiences two main seasons: dry season (June to October) and wet season (November to May). Pack lightweight clothing, comfortable shoes, a hat, sunglasses, and a waterproof jacket or poncho, depending on the time of year.

Safari Etiquette: If you’re embarking on a safari, remember to respect wildlife and follow your guide’s instructions. Avoid making sudden movements or loud noises that could startle animals, and never feed or approach them. A safari is about so much more than just spotting the "Big 5"

Take time, plenty of it, in wildlife and birding areas. To begin, plan for at least several nights in a single park to get a sense of the subtler rhythms of the bush and the wealth and diversity of the local wildlife. Sometimes you may have to ask your guide to turn off the motor and just sit, waiting to experience whatever may come by.  

Tipping: Tipping is customary in Tanzania, especially for safari guides, drivers, and hotel staff. While tipping amounts may vary, it’s recommended to tip based on the level of service provided.

Safaris and treks can be costly, but the fees you pay shouldn’t be considered as full compensation for the drivers, guides, cooks, and porters who will be the ones helping to make your trip memorable. Tipping is a standard part of the experience, and a generous tip for a job well done will be greatly appreciated by those who depend on this income for their livelihood. See our Tipping guidelines.

Wildebeest have their own clocks

Seeing wildlife is a sure thing. But logistics can get trickier if you’re hoping to experience a specific event, such as the peak of the wildebeest migration. Camps along the migration route generally get booked up well in advance, and the wildebeest move to nature’s rhythms and their own internal clocks. To catch the excitement, start planning early. Check with the camps for recommendations, as their guides will be tracking the rains and the movement of the animals. If the wildebeest don’t cooperate, take things in Tanzanian stride: Hakuna Matata ("no problem") – there’s so much other wildlife to see.

Tailor your travels

Tanzania is a year-round destination, but it’s worth considering the seasons. Check our expertise for details, but in general: travel in the dry months from June to September for wildlife-watching, hiking, and Kilimanjaro treks. Visit in the wet months (February to May) for birding, lower prices, and fewer crowds. Also remember, while the rainiest months from March to May can get really rainy, there’s still plenty of sunshine.

Cultural Respect: Tanzania is home to diverse ethnic groups, each with its own customs and traditions. Respect local customs, dress modestly, and ask for permission before taking photos of people or sacred sites.

Transportation: Public transportation in Tanzania can be limited, especially in rural areas. Consider hiring a reputable tour operator or driver for long-distance travel and be prepared for bumpy roads and adventurous journeys.

Safety: Tanzania is generally a safe destination for travelers, but it’s essential to stay vigilant, especially in crowded areas and tourist hotspots. Keep your belongings secure and be aware of your surroundings at all times.

For long journeys, sitting away from the sun makes things more comfortable, as does getting the right seat; front seats on the shadier side are the best. "Luxury" buses are well worth the extra few dollars. Most have rows with just two seats on each side, plus a no-standing rule. On rural routes you may not have this option: many buses are configured with two seats on one side, three on the other, and a jump seat in the middle, so the more comfortable places are by the front windows, away from all the jostling. Since everyone else will be angling for these seats, too, book in advance or arrive early at the station.

Electricity: The standard voltage in Tanzania is 230V, and the plug type is UK-style three-pin plugs. Bring a universal adapter if your devices have different plug types.

Internet and Communication: While major cities and tourist areas have access to Internet and mobile networks, connectivity may be limited in more remote regions. Purchase a local SIM card for affordable data and communication options.

Cuisine:  Tanzanian cuisine is diverse and flavourful, with influences from Indian, Arab, and African culinary traditions. Don’t miss the chance to try local dishes like pilau rice, ugali (maize porridge), nyama choma (grilled meat), and samosas.

Responsible Tourism:  Help protect Tanzania’s natural and cultural heritage by practicing responsible tourism. Support local communities, minimize your environmental impact, and leave only footprints behind.

Carry a credit card for parks and ATMs, and cash for everywhere else

Credit cards (Visa or MasterCard) are required for paying national park fees and can be used in major tourist establishments. Elsewhere, you’ll need cash. Change is rarely available, so carrying some smaller denominations will come in handy.

Embrace the Adventure:  Above all, embrace the spirit of adventure and immerse yourself in Tanzania’s beauty, culture, and wildlife. Be open to new experiences, connect with locals, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

Tanzanian time

It’s not just the wildebeest who have their own clocks. Tanzania does, too. When checking things like opening hours and transport schedules, confirm whether the listings are in Western time, or according to the Tanzanian clock. This is a 12-hour system that works in accordance with sunrise and sunset. It starts at 1 o’clock just after dawn (7 am), moves towards 12 o’clock in the evening (6pm) and then repeats during the night.

Take time for greetings

Tanzanians have a wonderful sense of community, and greetings are an essential part of any conversation. Styles range from streetside-casual (Mambo vipi? "How are things?") to more formal (Habari za asubuhi, Habari za leo, "Good morning, good day"). Whatever the form, they are never omitted and never rushed. Conversations with an older person should always start with the respectful Shikamoo (literally, "I clasp your feet"). If you forget, some older Tanzanians might even remind you by first saying marahaba (the standard reply). Handshakes also aren’t rushed – Tanzanians will often continue to hold hands throughout their conversation.

Dress respectfully, especially on the coast

Tanzania is a conservative society, especially along the Muslim Swahili coast. As a general guideline, everyone will be more comfortable with looser-fitting clothes that cover the shoulders and knees. Similarly, try to avoid public displays of affection.

Be savvy at bus stations

Don’t accept open drinks, and keep your wits about you. Touts may approach you, but it helps to know in advance which bus company you’re taking (get advice on this from your hotel), and only purchase tickets at a clearly marked bus office or directly from the driver. 

Tuck in your mosquito net

Malaria is present in much of Tanzania and most hotels have either mosquito nets or air-con (mosquitos don’t like cold). It’s well worth using the nets, especially in the rainy season and in coastal areas; take the time to fully tuck in the edges so you can have a buzz-free, bite-free night.